IndustryPayments
Official source Data mirrored from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments · General Payments · as published 2026-01-23 View official record Methodology

Covered recipient · General Payments record

MONICA LAVIAN

Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians Psychiatry & Neurology Neurology

NPI
1730446774
CMS profile
2792426
Location
LONG BEACH, CA

General Payments · PY2018–2024

$7,204.48

  • Reported across 291 records
  • CMS publication 2026-01-23

Latest program year · PY2024

$3,935.92

159 records · 0 disputed

Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.

How these totals are calculated
  • The total is the sum of the General Payments records CMS published for the labeled program year(s), exactly as published. Nothing is estimated, weighted, or combined across categories.
  • General Payments only. Research and Ownership/Investment are separate datasets and are never summed with these figures; amounts are kept separate per program year.
  • Featured-page threshold (a presentation gate, not a judgment): records>=3 OR total>=100 (all years).
  • Methodology & Data — sourcing, labeling, and limitations.

Related groups: Neurology CA All categories

By nature of payment

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

Nature of paymentAmountRecords
Food and Beverage $3,907.45 158
Education $28.47 1

By paying entity

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

Paying entityAmountRecords
ABBVIE INC. $482.38 18
Neurocrine BioSciences, Inc. $445.59 35
NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS CORPORATION $443.76 24
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $415.93 8
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $319.43 7
PFIZER INC. $254.25 11
UCB, Inc. $224.34 8
ARGENX US, INC. $186.89 7
Abbott Laboratories $162.21 2
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $161.50 6
Lilly USA, LLC $130.58 6
Genentech USA, Inc. $97.22 3
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. $79.80 3
MDD US Operations, LLC $74.56 2
EISAI INC. $63.16 3
Neurelis, Inc. $60.47 3
MITSUBISHI TANABE PHARMA AMERICA, INC. $57.04 2
Biogen, Inc. $51.67 2
Lundbeck LLC $42.73 2
SK Life Science, Inc. $37.84 2
Averitas Pharma Inc. $33.33 1
TG THERAPEUTICS, INC. $32.21 1
Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. $28.07 1
LivaNova USA, Inc. $27.24 1
Celgene Corporation $23.72 1

By program year

All program years on this page · sorted by year

Program yearAmountRecords
PY2018 $350.53 6
PY2019 $54.07 1
PY2020 $63.04 1
PY2022 $0.83 1
PY2023 $2,800.09 123
PY2024 $3,935.92 159

Payment records · PY2024 (159)

Sorted by paying entity, then date · as published by CMS

Program year 2024 20182019202020222023 Record-level detail is published for PY2024; earlier years are summarised in “By program year”.
Paying entity Amount Date Nature of payment Dispute status Published Record ID Source
Abbott Laboratories $50.00 02/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125224908 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $112.21 02/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125224912 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $24.68 01/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143204 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $32.34 02/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143206 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $11.37 02/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143208 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $5.93 02/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143210 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $125.00 02/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143212 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $22.36 03/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143214 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $28.64 04/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143216 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $18.17 05/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143218 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $25.85 06/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143220 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $29.39 07/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143222 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $33.33 07/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143224 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $15.68 07/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143226 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $8.27 07/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143228 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $20.38 07/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143230 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $21.30 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143232 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $3.79 08/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143234 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $22.79 09/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143236 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $33.11 11/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104143238 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $53.95 01/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093954864 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $17.65 01/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093986940 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $30.38 04/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093914297 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $121.83 05/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1094048213 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $22.12 06/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1094003812 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $30.20 07/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093911610 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $20.84 09/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1094017926 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $118.96 10/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093904147 CMS
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. $25.21 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125853873 CMS
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. $28.51 04/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125854015 CMS
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. $26.08 06/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125854033 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $31.65 01/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142112771 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $34.34 03/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142104377 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $31.10 06/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142107293 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $16.20 07/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142111427 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $24.92 08/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142111455 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $25.35 09/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142125367 CMS
ARGENX US, INC. $23.33 11/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142121739 CMS
Averitas Pharma Inc. $33.33 02/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133433727 CMS
Biogen, Inc. $27.29 08/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104868286 CMS
Biogen, Inc. $24.38 11/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104878734 CMS
Celgene Corporation $23.72 03/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101092367 CMS
Eisai Inc. $15.64 02/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110768059 CMS
Eisai Inc. $21.79 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110768057 CMS
Eisai Inc. $25.73 10/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110768055 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $31.11 02/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133075676 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $35.00 07/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133075680 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $31.11 11/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133075672 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $23.23 02/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135174635 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $23.44 04/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135205813 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $23.46 06/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135268758 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $22.96 08/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135220620 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $15.88 09/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135259212 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $21.61 12/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135174637 CMS
LivaNova USA, Inc. $27.24 05/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1152789299 CMS
Lundbeck LLC $23.61 05/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145938130 CMS
Lundbeck LLC $19.12 10/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145938132 CMS
MDD US Operations, LLC $52.40 01/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147755249 CMS
MDD US Operations, LLC $22.16 02/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147755247 CMS
MITSUBISHI TANABE PHARMA AMERICA, INC. $28.57 01/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144506240 CMS
MITSUBISHI TANABE PHARMA AMERICA, INC. $28.47 01/03/2024 Education Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144511268 CMS
Neurelis, Inc. $16.27 02/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145646203 CMS
Neurelis, Inc. $23.98 06/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145646205 CMS
Neurelis, Inc. $20.22 10/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145646207 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $28.66 01/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150829156 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $39.33 01/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150815274 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $1.08 01/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892233 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $20.20 02/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150858097 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.12 02/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150891055 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $17.89 02/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150865842 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $17.17 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150868308 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.07 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150891137 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $12.98 04/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150879699 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $4.54 04/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150888708 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.40 05/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892755 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $11.90 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150881021 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $3.70 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150889360 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.72 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892557 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.27 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150893207 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $7.94 05/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150884399 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.00 05/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150891211 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.25 05/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150893295 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $22.33 05/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150850124 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.23 05/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150890915 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.38 05/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892773 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $128.97 06/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150808386 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $18.54 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150863759 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $8.74 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150883495 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $1.85 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150891413 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.87 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892465 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $19.17 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150861722 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.87 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150890114 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.13 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150891043 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $0.31 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150892977 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $25.47 09/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150838610 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $3.11 09/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150889830 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $3.61 09/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150889436 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $29.09 11/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150827870 CMS
Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. $2.70 11/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150890374 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $4.75 01/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046808 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $21.94 01/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046806 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $29.11 01/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046820 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $25.34 01/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046822 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $21.09 02/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046816 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $2.18 02/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046826 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $5.70 02/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046828 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $3.27 02/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046830 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $28.47 03/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046832 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $25.96 04/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046844 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $4.18 04/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046846 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $24.01 05/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046834 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $22.18 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046890 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $22.79 05/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046884 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $9.32 07/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046892 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $5.38 07/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046894 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $25.45 08/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046906 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $26.05 08/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046900 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $22.57 09/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046902 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $28.50 09/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046912 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $24.55 09/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046908 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $9.72 10/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046910 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $29.80 10/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046914 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $21.45 10/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1087046916 CMS
Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. $28.07 01/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1118928543 CMS
PFIZER INC. $11.31 02/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131705769 CMS
PFIZER INC. $25.37 03/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131219360 CMS
PFIZER INC. $28.02 03/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131250666 CMS
PFIZER INC. $25.72 04/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131368800 CMS
PFIZER INC. $26.87 05/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131463608 CMS
PFIZER INC. $29.82 05/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131684539 CMS
PFIZER INC. $15.62 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131766778 CMS
PFIZER INC. $24.56 09/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131965321 CMS
PFIZER INC. $23.56 09/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131949574 CMS
PFIZER INC. $29.13 11/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131141414 CMS
PFIZER INC. $14.27 12/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131402956 CMS
SK Life Science, Inc. $18.85 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1154114405 CMS
SK Life Science, Inc. $18.99 10/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1154114515 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $25.55 01/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614625 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $26.62 04/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614628 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $25.64 05/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614632 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $28.24 09/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614636 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $28.67 10/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614639 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $26.78 11/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137614643 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $8.08 03/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726361 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $22.89 03/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726363 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $4.63 05/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726383 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $117.63 06/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726401 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $20.81 07/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726403 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $24.60 08/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726421 CMS
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. $120.79 09/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1151726441 CMS
TG Therapeutics, Inc. $32.21 07/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1136880778 CMS
UCB, Inc. $5.63 01/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332008 CMS
UCB, Inc. $48.21 02/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332012 CMS
UCB, Inc. $2.83 04/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332016 CMS
UCB, Inc. $45.02 04/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332020 CMS
UCB, Inc. $25.97 07/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332024 CMS
UCB, Inc. $32.49 09/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332030 CMS
UCB, Inc. $37.57 11/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332034 CMS
UCB, Inc. $26.62 12/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143332037 CMS

Source & provenance

Dataset
CMS Open Payments — General Payments
Publisher of source data
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CMS publication date
2026-01-23
Program years on this page
2018, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023, 2024
Source files
Dataset page · Bulk file · PY2018 , PY2019 , PY2020 , PY2022 , PY2023 , PY2024
Generated from
OP_DTL_GNRL_PGYR2024_P01232026_01102026.csv

One page per canonical provider; split Profile_IDs are merged via Associated_Covered_Recipient_Profile_ID_1/_2 from the Covered Recipient Profile Supplement.

Corrections to the substance of a record route to CMS through its review-and-dispute process; errors in how this site mirrors or displays a record route to us. Both paths are described in Methodology & Data.