Official source Data mirrored from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments · General Payments · as published 2026-01-23 View official record Methodology

Covered recipient · General Payments record

JOEL S GROSSMAN

Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians Internal Medicine Medical Oncology

NPI
1699838979
CMS profile
258011
Location
NAPLES, FL

General Payments · PY2018–2024

$22,783.16

  • Reported across 1,172 records
  • CMS publication 2026-01-23

Latest program year · PY2024

$4,296.67

168 records · 0 disputed

Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.

How these totals are calculated
  • The total is the sum of the General Payments records CMS published for the labeled program year(s), exactly as published. Nothing is estimated, weighted, or combined across categories.
  • General Payments only. Research and Ownership/Investment are separate datasets and are never summed with these figures; amounts are kept separate per program year.
  • Featured-page threshold (a presentation gate, not a judgment): records>=3 OR total>=100 (all years).
  • Methodology & Data — sourcing, labeling, and limitations.

By nature of payment

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

By paying entity

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

By program year

All program years on this page · sorted by year

Program yearAmountRecords
PY2018 $2,314.15 151
PY2019 $2,094.51 132
PY2020 $2,905.75 174
PY2021 $3,453.80 189
PY2022 $3,781.72 183
PY2023 $3,936.56 175
PY2024 $4,296.67 168

Payment records · PY2024 (168)

Sorted by paying entity, then date · as published by CMS

Program year 2024 201820192020202120222023 Record-level detail is published for PY2024; earlier years are summarised in “By program year”.
Paying entity Amount Date Nature of payment Dispute status Published Record ID Source
ABBVIE INC. $22.64 04/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1103843314 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $29.41 07/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1103843316 CMS
ABBVIE INC. $20.64 09/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1103843318 CMS
Acrotech Biopharma Inc. $21.26 04/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147105131 CMS
ADC Therapeutics America, Inc. $22.62 08/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1121193411 CMS
Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $17.44 06/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1149640938 CMS
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $19.86 04/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1093989987 CMS
ARRAY BIOPHARMA INC $20.73 01/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131101452 CMS
ARRAY BIOPHARMA INC $17.09 07/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131347509 CMS
ARRAY BIOPHARMA INC $26.20 08/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131902211 CMS
ARRAY BIOPHARMA INC $21.61 11/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131395581 CMS
Astellas Pharma US Inc $18.96 01/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139312160 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $25.43 08/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104767876 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.89 10/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104461614 CMS
Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $21.58 02/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1143479790 CMS
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. $18.31 01/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086169152 CMS
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. $25.35 04/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086183720 CMS
BeiGene USA, Inc. $23.70 02/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1120847390 CMS
BeiGene USA, Inc. $29.91 04/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1120847392 CMS
BeiGene USA, Inc. $27.87 07/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1120847394 CMS
BeiGene USA, Inc. $26.26 11/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1120847388 CMS
Celgene Corporation $20.70 01/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101189071 CMS
Celgene Corporation $31.00 03/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101189075 CMS
Celgene Corporation $34.65 07/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101189085 CMS
Celgene Corporation $32.73 08/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101189087 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $19.44 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428609 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $25.59 04/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428611 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $24.16 06/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428613 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $13.23 08/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428615 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $13.98 09/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428605 CMS
Daiichi Sankyo Inc. $27.34 10/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1089428607 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $23.45 02/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804470 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $21.71 03/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804492 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $0.55 03/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804495 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $28.12 04/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804503 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $18.60 04/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804507 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $29.68 08/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804566 CMS
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. $25.79 10/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1101804592 CMS
Eisai Inc. $25.00 02/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110753026 CMS
Eisai Inc. $21.53 03/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110753028 CMS
Eisai Inc. $24.28 08/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110753030 CMS
Eisai Inc. $15.46 12/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1110753032 CMS
Fennec Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $24.46 06/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1120186514 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $22.12 05/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133033786 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $15.01 07/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133033778 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $14.91 12/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133033782 CMS
Genmab U.S., Inc. $26.96 09/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1126827784 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $14.48 02/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139655493 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $34.76 03/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139655481 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $20.17 12/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139655567 CMS
Gilead Sciences, Inc. $19.15 02/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133830727 CMS
Gilead Sciences, Inc. $27.96 05/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133830729 CMS
Gilead Sciences, Inc. $23.43 10/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133830731 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $30.91 01/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116639056 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $30.03 03/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116596961 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $25.47 07/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116341884 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $28.40 09/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1115993666 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $27.26 10/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116599225 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $33.79 11/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116645739 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $22.59 12/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116301070 CMS
Incyte Corporation $20.51 01/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141283335 CMS
Incyte Corporation $23.11 01/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141207311 CMS
Incyte Corporation $19.70 02/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141177146 CMS
Incyte Corporation $2.57 02/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141207531 CMS
Incyte Corporation $28.38 03/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141284645 CMS
Incyte Corporation $28.00 05/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141209185 CMS
Incyte Corporation $24.54 07/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141254314 CMS
Incyte Corporation $23.01 08/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141210845 CMS
Incyte Corporation $20.62 08/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141210297 CMS
Incyte Corporation $23.69 09/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141254942 CMS
Incyte Corporation $95.00 10/04/2024 Education Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141283043 CMS
Incyte Corporation $26.43 11/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141178922 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $15.81 01/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456042 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $20.12 01/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078455729 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $19.16 02/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456479 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $22.53 03/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456407 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $12.87 04/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078457349 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $31.60 05/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456777 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $13.94 05/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078455482 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $18.26 05/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456748 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $23.89 06/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078455234 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $4.58 07/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078457881 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $20.41 09/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078457857 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $20.11 10/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078457277 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $15.04 10/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078455647 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $9.82 10/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078457323 CMS
Janssen Biotech, Inc. $18.45 12/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1078456546 CMS
JAZZ PHARMACEUTICALS INC. $19.35 07/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1150228117 CMS
Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc. $23.17 07/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1145531451 CMS
Kite Pharma, Inc. $22.98 03/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1128611477 CMS
Kite Pharma, Inc. $22.25 08/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1128611481 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $26.94 01/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615118 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $22.76 02/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615112 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $34.59 04/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615114 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $23.27 05/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615130 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $30.20 05/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615116 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $24.24 06/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141841302 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $28.91 07/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141841304 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $25.63 07/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615108 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $27.39 08/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141841300 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $27.50 09/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615106 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $20.67 10/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615236 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $31.25 10/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615110 CMS
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC $24.33 12/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141615128 CMS
Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Inc. $21.66 03/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1152531974 CMS
Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Inc. $20.81 05/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1152531976 CMS
Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Inc. $29.00 11/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1152531978 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $11.72 01/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793279 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $16.19 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793289 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $24.28 01/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793281 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $24.16 02/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793295 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $1.56 03/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793301 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $11.98 03/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793303 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $21.06 04/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793297 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $16.07 05/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793305 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $1.64 05/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793307 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $1.63 06/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793317 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $11.00 06/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793319 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $20.86 06/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793327 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $27.92 06/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793323 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $33.56 08/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793329 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $14.52 11/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793337 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $27.27 12/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086793339 CMS
PFIZER INC. $26.35 02/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131188662 CMS
PFIZER INC. $29.83 02/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131188048 CMS
PFIZER INC. $333.33 03/22/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131565398 CMS
PFIZER INC. $17.95 03/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131289939 CMS
PFIZER INC. $23.43 04/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131309346 CMS
PFIZER INC. $15.93 04/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131297105 CMS
PFIZER INC. $16.33 04/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131314132 CMS
PFIZER INC. $28.43 05/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131423521 CMS
PFIZER INC. $23.08 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131316501 CMS
PFIZER INC. $25.86 05/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131325502 CMS
PFIZER INC. $27.46 05/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131509083 CMS
PFIZER INC. $24.31 06/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131332182 CMS
PFIZER INC. $30.02 07/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131697233 CMS
PFIZER INC. $26.34 07/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131345581 CMS
PFIZER INC. $29.95 08/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131902213 CMS
PFIZER INC. $0.66 09/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131361980 CMS
PFIZER INC. $16.14 09/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131370659 CMS
PFIZER INC. $17.95 09/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131355131 CMS
PFIZER INC. $23.94 11/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131370030 CMS
PFIZER INC. $100.00 11/19/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131565402 CMS
Pharmacosmos Therapeutics Inc. $24.15 03/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1154822147 CMS
Pharmacosmos Therapeutics Inc. $21.32 08/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1154822149 CMS
PharmaEssentia USA Corporation $30.79 12/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137310926 CMS
PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. $16.70 12/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1113836046 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $30.34 02/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114061049 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $30.68 05/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114061051 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $35.80 07/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114061053 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $37.28 09/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114061055 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $30.92 12/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114061057 CMS
SERVIER PHARMACEUTICALS LLC $23.83 03/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147260668 CMS
SERVIER PHARMACEUTICALS LLC $24.62 09/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147260664 CMS
SERVIER PHARMACEUTICALS LLC $23.67 11/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147260666 CMS
SOBI, INC $39.79 08/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141435959 CMS
SOBI, INC $32.62 09/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141436311 CMS
SOBI, INC $31.67 12/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1141436313 CMS
Stemline Therapeutics Inc. $26.88 05/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142960833 CMS
Stemline Therapeutics Inc. $24.89 09/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1142960835 CMS
Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. $16.67 11/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1148859322 CMS
TAIHO ONCOLOGY, INC. $17.40 10/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137933855 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $30.01 02/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144958356 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $34.36 02/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144958358 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $0.36 02/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144958360 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $34.30 05/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144958362 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $40.91 05/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137564010 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $24.34 07/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1144958364 CMS

Source & provenance

Dataset
CMS Open Payments — General Payments
Publisher of source data
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CMS publication date
2026-01-23
Program years on this page
2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
Source files
Dataset page · Bulk file · PY2018 , PY2019 , PY2020 , PY2021 , PY2022 , PY2023 , PY2024
Generated from
OP_DTL_GNRL_PGYR2024_P01232026_01102026.csv

One page per canonical provider; split Profile_IDs are merged via Associated_Covered_Recipient_Profile_ID_1/_2 from the Covered Recipient Profile Supplement.

Corrections to the substance of a record route to CMS through its review-and-dispute process; errors in how this site mirrors or displays a record route to us. Both paths are described in Methodology & Data.