MADINA RAY

Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Internal Medicine|Rheumatology JUPITER, FL NPI 1548657604

General Payments — all program years on this page

$5,218.91

Category: General Payments
Program years: PY2018–2024
Record count: 195
As of (CMS publication): 2026-01-23

Latest program year (PY2024): $3,970.64 across 157 records · disputed records: 0

Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.

How this figure is calculated

The total is the sum of the General Payments records CMS published for the labeled program year(s), exactly as published. Nothing is estimated, weighted, or combined across categories.
General Payments only. Research and Ownership/Investment are separate datasets and are never summed with these figures; amounts are kept separate per program year.
Featured-page threshold (a presentation gate, not a judgment): records>=3 OR total>=100 (all years).
Methodology & Data — sourcing, labeling, and limitations.

By nature of payment

Latest program year (PY2024) · sorted by reported total.

Nature of payment	Amount	Records
Food and Beverage	$3,226.39	155
Consulting Fee	$725.00	1
Education	$19.25	1

By paying entity

Latest program year (PY2024) · sorted by reported total.

Paying entity	Amount	Records
Amgen Inc.	$930.71	40
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$797.47	3
NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS CORPORATION	$385.27	21
Acerta Pharma LLC	$304.23	8
UCB, Inc.	$299.11	25
ABBVIE INC.	$231.64	12
Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$177.67	8
Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.	$103.54	4
PFIZER INC.	$83.66	5
ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$82.48	4
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$75.36	3
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.	$66.34	4
SOBI, INC	$59.89	3
Alvogen Inc	$59.46	3
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.	$48.38	2
SCILEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.	$47.22	2
RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC.	$46.77	2
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC	$43.78	2
Lilly USA, LLC	$41.33	2
Kyowa Kirin, Inc.	$28.73	1
Octapharma USA, Inc.	$22.38	1
GENZYME CORPORATION	$18.38	1
Aurinia Pharma U.S., Inc.	$16.84	1

By program year

Program year	Amount	Records
2018	$99.99	1
2019	$99.00	1
2020	$163.66	3
2022	$218.70	3
2023	$666.92	30
2024	$3,970.64	157

Records — PY2024 (157)

Record ID	Paying entity	Amount	Date	Nature of payment	Dispute status	Published	Source
1078431050	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$21.12	06/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431107	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$43.91	12/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431132	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$19.08	11/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431260	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$18.87	10/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431336	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$27.30	07/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431349	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$20.04	06/06/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431423	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$12.12	08/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1078431521	Janssen Biotech, Inc.	$15.23	11/15/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674117	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$17.49	01/04/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674119	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$10.82	01/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674121	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$28.37	01/29/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674123	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$12.71	02/07/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674125	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$25.43	04/10/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674127	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$16.71	04/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674129	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$11.41	05/06/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674131	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$26.19	05/15/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674133	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$13.99	05/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674135	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$25.22	06/12/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674137	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$9.48	06/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674139	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$21.32	07/10/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674141	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$11.75	07/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674143	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$17.10	07/29/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674145	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$25.14	08/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674147	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$20.75	08/29/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674149	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$23.74	09/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674151	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$13.71	10/02/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674153	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$15.81	10/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674155	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$24.40	12/04/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1086674157	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation	$13.73	08/01/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1091149286	ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$23.42	12/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1091154948	ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$23.20	11/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1091164274	ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$18.78	07/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1091164424	ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$17.08	09/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1093944770	Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$725.00	09/19/2024	Consulting Fee	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1093964896	Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$38.89	08/12/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1094021292	Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$33.58	09/12/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1101581890	E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.	$14.48	09/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1101581910	E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.	$18.37	10/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1101581914	E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.	$17.63	10/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1101581922	E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.	$15.86	11/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165220	ABBVIE INC.	$21.06	03/15/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165222	ABBVIE INC.	$20.86	04/26/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165224	ABBVIE INC.	$12.68	05/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165226	ABBVIE INC.	$15.60	05/29/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165228	ABBVIE INC.	$29.96	07/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165230	ABBVIE INC.	$29.45	07/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165232	ABBVIE INC.	$21.35	08/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165234	ABBVIE INC.	$15.94	08/20/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165236	ABBVIE INC.	$25.42	09/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165238	ABBVIE INC.	$12.66	10/15/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165240	ABBVIE INC.	$11.66	11/12/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1103165242	ABBVIE INC.	$15.00	12/02/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1104300540	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$20.01	12/19/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1104369101	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$17.67	07/02/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1104400117	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$16.55	01/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1104585270	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$21.90	11/21/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1105221548	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$15.73	08/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1105621049	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$70.18	01/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1105644966	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$124.99	10/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1105897360	AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP	$17.20	09/26/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111507999	Amgen Inc.	$14.08	01/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508001	Amgen Inc.	$10.33	01/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508003	Amgen Inc.	$6.88	04/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508005	Amgen Inc.	$13.39	05/07/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508007	Amgen Inc.	$19.72	05/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508009	Amgen Inc.	$11.04	06/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508011	Amgen Inc.	$19.00	07/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508013	Amgen Inc.	$14.41	08/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508015	Amgen Inc.	$17.14	08/19/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508017	Amgen Inc.	$18.82	10/03/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508019	Amgen Inc.	$15.30	10/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508021	Amgen Inc.	$16.59	12/06/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508023	Amgen Inc.	$124.99	09/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508025	Amgen Inc.	$18.19	04/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508027	Amgen Inc.	$18.79	05/07/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508029	Amgen Inc.	$18.79	06/04/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508031	Amgen Inc.	$14.19	06/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508033	Amgen Inc.	$32.27	06/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508035	Amgen Inc.	$15.02	07/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508037	Amgen Inc.	$28.07	07/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508039	Amgen Inc.	$21.53	07/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508041	Amgen Inc.	$16.89	08/29/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508043	Amgen Inc.	$30.71	11/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508045	Amgen Inc.	$15.16	01/23/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508047	Amgen Inc.	$28.64	04/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508049	Amgen Inc.	$12.96	04/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508051	Amgen Inc.	$34.32	04/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508053	Amgen Inc.	$25.95	05/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508055	Amgen Inc.	$15.25	05/21/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508057	Amgen Inc.	$29.23	05/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508059	Amgen Inc.	$14.14	06/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508061	Amgen Inc.	$25.80	06/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508063	Amgen Inc.	$30.12	07/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508065	Amgen Inc.	$19.53	08/02/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508067	Amgen Inc.	$31.52	08/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508069	Amgen Inc.	$33.05	03/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508071	Amgen Inc.	$21.60	06/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508073	Amgen Inc.	$20.94	11/20/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1111508075	Amgen Inc.	$22.69	12/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1115917624	GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.	$22.41	07/10/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1116361347	GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.	$25.97	09/10/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1117183752	Amgen Inc.	$33.67	10/03/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1118054651	Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$21.69	05/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1118054653	Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$25.20	01/24/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1118054655	Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	$28.47	11/19/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1127036208	Kyowa Kirin, Inc.	$28.73	07/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1131443372	PFIZER INC.	$13.82	02/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1131453395	PFIZER INC.	$13.23	04/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1131466418	PFIZER INC.	$14.70	01/30/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1131508213	PFIZER INC.	$27.07	10/02/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1131554574	PFIZER INC.	$14.84	06/25/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1135143351	Lilly USA, LLC	$23.03	08/20/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1135153000	Lilly USA, LLC	$18.30	05/24/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1136266818	SCILEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.	$24.56	08/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1136283622	SCILEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.	$22.66	11/12/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1137623463	Alvogen Inc	$23.02	05/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1137623467	Alvogen Inc	$18.78	11/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1137623471	Alvogen Inc	$17.66	12/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1139160654	RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC.	$23.63	11/05/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1139160656	RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC.	$23.14	12/19/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1139810423	GENZYME CORPORATION	$18.38	09/16/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1141414734	SOBI, INC	$21.49	04/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1141421379	SOBI, INC	$19.25	04/09/2024	Education	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1141427541	SOBI, INC	$19.15	12/03/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1142312125	Octapharma USA, Inc.	$22.38	01/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187000	UCB, Inc.	$9.79	01/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187004	UCB, Inc.	$12.45	01/18/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187009	UCB, Inc.	$2.87	04/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187013	UCB, Inc.	$4.92	04/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187017	UCB, Inc.	$6.69	04/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187021	UCB, Inc.	$12.84	04/22/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187026	UCB, Inc.	$27.01	04/24/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187030	UCB, Inc.	$23.78	05/21/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187034	UCB, Inc.	$13.02	06/01/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187039	UCB, Inc.	$9.64	06/05/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187043	UCB, Inc.	$14.37	06/06/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187048	UCB, Inc.	$7.44	06/14/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187052	UCB, Inc.	$21.77	06/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187055	UCB, Inc.	$11.06	07/08/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187059	UCB, Inc.	$20.78	07/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187064	UCB, Inc.	$7.00	08/13/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187068	UCB, Inc.	$6.69	11/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187073	UCB, Inc.	$12.82	11/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187077	UCB, Inc.	$1.44	11/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187081	UCB, Inc.	$4.80	11/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187085	UCB, Inc.	$19.28	11/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187090	UCB, Inc.	$10.06	12/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187094	UCB, Inc.	$10.16	12/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187099	UCB, Inc.	$8.87	12/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1143187103	UCB, Inc.	$19.56	12/11/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1145044113	Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.	$27.55	01/24/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1145044115	Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.	$21.13	05/27/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1145044117	Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.	$32.18	08/09/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1145044119	Mallinckrodt Hospital Products Inc.	$22.68	12/10/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1146953098	Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC	$17.78	09/17/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1146953100	Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC	$26.00	04/26/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS
1150674219	Aurinia Pharma U.S., Inc.	$16.84	04/15/2024	Food and Beverage	Undisputed	01/23/2026	View at CMS

Provenance & corrections

Dataset: CMS Open Payments — General Payments
Source: CMS Open Payments dataset (bulk file)
Publisher of source data: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Generated from: OP_DTL_GNRL_PGYR2024_P01232026_01102026.csv

One page per canonical provider; split Profile_IDs are merged via Associated_Covered_Recipient_Profile_ID_1/_2 from the Covered Recipient Profile Supplement.

Corrections to the substance of a record route to CMS through its review-and-dispute process; errors in how this site mirrors or displays a record route to us. Both paths are described in Methodology & Data.