Official source Data mirrored from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments · General Payments · CMS publication 2026-06-30 View official record Methodology

Covered recipient · General Payments record

JUSTICE OTCHERE

Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Pain Medicine

NPI
1073957932
CMS profile
5705717
Location
FRESNO, CA

General Payments · PY2019–2025

$20,810.76

  • Reported across 803 records
  • CMS publication 2026-06-30

Latest program year · PY2025

$4,249.25

167 records · 0 disputed

Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.

How these totals are calculated
  • This total is the sum of the individual General Payments record amounts CMS published for the labeled program year(s); each record amount is used unmodified. The total itself is computed by this site. Nothing is estimated, weighted, or combined across categories.
  • General Payments only. Research and Ownership/Investment are separate datasets and are never summed with these figures; amounts are kept separate per program year.
  • Featured-page threshold (a presentation gate, not a judgment): records>=3 OR total>=100 (all years).
  • Methodology & Data — sourcing, labeling, and limitations.

By nature of payment

PY2025 · sorted by reported total

Nature of paymentAmountRecords
Food and Beverage $4,249.25 167

By paying entity

PY2025 · sorted by reported total

Paying entityAmountRecords
Globus Medical, Inc. $2,349.39 92
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $1,019.81 43
Nalu Medical, Inc. $250.58 9
Abbott Laboratories $209.67 9
MML US, Inc. $148.00 1
Medtronic, Inc. $79.37 4
FORTE BIO-PHARMA LLC $58.03 3
VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED $46.27 2
SPR Therapeutics, Inc $34.45 2
Curonix LLC $33.37 1
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION $20.31 1

By program year

All program years on this page · sorted by year

Program yearAmountRecords
PY2019 $2,678.79 48
PY2020 $1,832.92 58
PY2021 $1,664.23 75
PY2022 $2,967.71 125
PY2023 $2,907.27 118
PY2024 $4,510.59 212
PY2025 $4,249.25 167

Payment records · PY2025 (167)

Ordering applied by this site (paying entity, then date) · record values are shown as CMS published them

Program year 2025 201920202021202220232024 Record-level detail is published for PY2025; earlier years are summarised in “By program year”.
Paying entity Amount Date Nature of payment Dispute status Published Record ID Source
Abbott Laboratories $24.90 01/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240689488 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $21.37 01/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240735757 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $24.85 02/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240701963 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $23.74 05/09/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240692286 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $23.77 07/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240693934 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $24.03 08/15/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240711903 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $22.11 08/15/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240825268 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $23.72 10/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240696699 CMS
Abbott Laboratories $21.18 12/29/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240698257 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $32.82 01/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341331 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $28.23 01/08/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341419 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $26.56 01/09/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341333 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $25.43 01/16/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341335 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $30.60 01/30/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341337 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $15.87 02/10/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341339 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $38.23 02/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341341 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $34.39 02/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341343 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $18.99 02/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341345 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $9.47 02/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341347 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $21.71 03/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341349 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $12.80 03/10/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341351 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $8.96 03/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341353 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $15.11 03/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341355 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $34.04 03/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341357 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $26.40 03/19/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341359 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $21.69 03/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341361 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $5.87 04/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341373 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $23.88 04/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341375 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $36.64 05/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341377 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $32.11 05/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341413 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $20.63 05/09/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341379 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $34.28 05/14/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341415 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $25.88 05/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341417 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $28.90 06/04/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341381 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $20.85 06/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341365 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $26.40 06/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341383 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $16.83 06/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341385 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $36.88 06/26/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341387 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $36.88 06/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341389 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $26.31 07/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341397 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $24.55 07/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341399 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $23.55 08/07/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341391 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $57.10 08/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341371 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $19.22 09/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341395 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $9.26 10/01/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341401 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $25.27 10/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341403 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $12.67 10/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341405 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $3.80 10/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341407 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $7.76 10/28/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341409 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $23.45 11/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341411 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $22.00 11/14/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341325 CMS
BIOTRONIK NRO, Inc. $17.54 12/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1246341327 CMS
Boston Scientific Corporation $20.31 05/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1181273116 CMS
Curonix LLC $33.37 08/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1240382845 CMS
Forte Bio-Pharma LLC $22.56 01/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1251433247 CMS
Forte Bio-Pharma LLC $19.36 01/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1251433249 CMS
Forte Bio-Pharma LLC $16.11 02/28/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1251433251 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $2.61 01/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250030736 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $20.17 01/07/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250128613 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $21.03 01/14/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250122024 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $11.82 01/15/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250108035 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $22.54 01/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250115045 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $25.54 01/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250129001 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $17.94 01/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250080097 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $25.21 01/29/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250122052 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $29.53 02/01/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250080081 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $8.81 02/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250065786 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $8.07 02/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250093727 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $22.35 02/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250093751 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $12.35 02/07/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250129335 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $9.49 02/10/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250100849 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $13.66 02/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250058981 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $22.91 02/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250079993 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $9.91 02/13/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250023631 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $18.89 02/19/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250058909 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $28.11 02/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250094285 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.17 02/26/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250038540 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $9.82 03/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250031526 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $31.95 03/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250108163 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $6.28 03/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250108445 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.29 03/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250073190 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $19.99 03/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250115187 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $19.09 03/20/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250093971 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $48.96 03/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250059297 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $13.12 03/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250052343 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.56 03/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250066304 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $5.71 03/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250031388 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $57.27 03/28/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250122999 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $18.02 04/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250046141 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $26.56 04/07/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250094777 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $6.70 04/15/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250052887 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $15.15 04/16/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250046605 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $9.85 04/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250080905 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $18.73 04/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250101673 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $22.10 04/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250115726 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $10.51 04/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250122598 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $13.61 04/25/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250039511 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $18.73 04/30/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250059819 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.29 05/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250130315 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $146.82 05/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250039569 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $9.47 05/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250032418 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $10.12 05/15/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250088429 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $17.28 05/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250074060 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $23.51 05/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250081239 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $20.54 05/28/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250067508 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $10.27 06/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250102747 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $16.57 06/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250130689 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $16.10 07/01/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250046739 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $19.53 07/01/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250088571 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $16.10 07/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250047257 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.54 07/14/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250053671 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $89.22 07/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250054191 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $6.01 07/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250025607 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.72 07/29/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250082303 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $61.77 08/01/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250061045 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $30.09 08/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250026020 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $20.51 08/06/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250075335 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $26.21 08/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250096205 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $25.92 08/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250124059 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $37.42 08/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250061043 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $103.36 08/23/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250088951 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $26.06 08/25/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250061093 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $23.10 08/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250102949 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $39.50 09/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250109967 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $63.01 09/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250088933 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $31.48 09/08/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250040783 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $23.13 09/10/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250054759 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.80 09/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250033742 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $26.53 09/16/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250054773 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $21.00 09/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250047731 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $19.49 09/25/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250075647 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $28.35 09/26/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250103521 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $25.27 10/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250041165 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $15.94 10/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250047445 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $16.56 10/08/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250047479 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $17.62 10/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250062094 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $29.65 10/28/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250055093 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $117.93 10/29/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250083251 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $13.00 10/30/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250048217 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $29.12 11/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250110859 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $39.19 11/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250062132 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $24.58 11/12/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250041205 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $33.94 11/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250104009 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $11.60 11/24/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250096897 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $81.87 11/26/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250124735 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $17.87 12/03/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250124749 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $23.56 12/05/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250068618 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $14.18 12/16/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250097412 CMS
Globus Medical, Inc. $24.58 12/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1250082927 CMS
Medtronic, Inc. $16.92 01/25/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1219905809 CMS
Medtronic, Inc. $25.16 04/02/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1219905811 CMS
Medtronic, Inc. $17.35 06/09/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1219905813 CMS
Medtronic, Inc. $19.94 11/26/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1219905815 CMS
MML US, Inc. $148.00 03/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1249167448 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $50.22 09/11/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851415 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $22.35 09/17/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851417 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $9.49 09/25/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851419 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $12.77 10/27/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851421 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $14.27 11/04/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851423 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $46.39 11/14/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851425 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $28.82 11/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851427 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $34.71 12/18/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851429 CMS
Nalu Medical, Inc. $31.56 12/19/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1234851431 CMS
SPR Therapeutics, Inc $17.84 01/07/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1200831309 CMS
SPR Therapeutics, Inc $16.61 05/13/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1200838530 CMS
VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED $25.02 04/22/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1213937345 CMS
VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED $21.25 10/21/2025 Food and Beverage Undisputed 06/30/2026 1213879988 CMS

Source & provenance

Dataset
CMS Open Payments — General Payments
Publisher of source data
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CMS publication date
2026-06-30
Program years on this page
2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025
Source files
Dataset page · Bulk file · PY2019 , PY2020 , PY2021 , PY2022 , PY2023 , PY2024 , PY2025
Generated from
OP_DTL_GNRL_PGYR2025_P06302026_06032026.csv

One page per canonical provider; split Profile_IDs are merged via Associated_Covered_Recipient_Profile_ID_1/_2 from the Covered Recipient Profile Supplement.

Corrections to the substance of a record route to CMS through its review-and-dispute process; errors in how this site mirrors or displays a record route to us. Both paths are described in Methodology & Data.