Alpha Orthopedic Systems
Saved only in this browser. No account or alerts.
Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Open Payments
These records are submitted to CMS and attested to by the reporting companies. CMS publishes them as reported; this site mirrors them without independent verification.
Figures reflect General Payments this manufacturer or GPO reported to CMS. Research and Ownership/Investment payments are separate datasets and are not included here.
CMS updates this data on an annual cycle, and corrections or successful disputes made at CMS may not yet appear here. The official CMS record is authoritative for the current state.
Payment records · PY2021
Date, newest first, then reporting company; values as published by CMS.
General Payments · PY2021 · All recipient types · CMS publication 2026-06-30
786 matching records · $245,700.00 reported total · 0 disputed
Nature of payment: All payment types
Records imported here (UTC).
Download all 786 matching records (CSV)
CSV includes CMS record IDs, source and publication dates, the data edition, and a link to these filters. Formula-like text cells are prefixed with an apostrophe for spreadsheet safety.
Showing records 1–50 of 786.
| Recipient | Paying entity | Amount | Date | Nature of payment | Dispute status | Publication flags | Published | Record ID | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DANIEL BRANHAM Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $48.61 | 12/30/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937243 | CMS |
| RYAN EADS Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $62.65 | 12/30/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937501 | CMS |
| JOHN STRUDWICK LEWIS Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $21.90 | 12/29/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937915 | CMS |
| JASON M ROGERS Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $91.42 | 12/29/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 920070527 | CMS |
| ZAHID A LADHA Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $21.87 | 12/28/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937861 | CMS |
| CHRISTINE M SEAWORTH Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $6.84 | 12/28/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 920070443 | CMS |
| JACOB BENJAMIN STIRTON Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/27/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938409 | CMS |
| CHRISTOPHER D LOTUFO Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $56.36 | 12/22/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937929 | CMS |
| ERIC JEROME GUSTAFSON Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/21/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937651 | CMS |
| JUSTIN WILLIAM LANGAN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $82.72 | 12/21/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937867 | CMS |
| LANCE EDWARD LECLERE Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/20/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937891 | CMS |
| MICHAEL TODD CAIN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $119.08 | 12/20/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 919991335 | CMS |
| LUCAS TESKE Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $119.08 | 12/20/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 920070397 | CMS |
| ANDREW JONATHAN PIERRE Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/14/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938121 | CMS |
| THEODORE J SPIRES Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/14/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938401 | CMS |
| ETHAN KELLUM Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $398.70 | 12/13/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937817 | CMS |
| JOHN WILLS OGLESBY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $105.00 | 12/13/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938065 | CMS |
| DANE A BOLTON Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/09/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937207 | CMS |
| LAUREN M FADER Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/09/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937503 | CMS |
| SHANE JACOB KIBBE Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/09/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937831 | CMS |
| AUSTIN HALL Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/08/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937661 | CMS |
| THOMAS JEROME MELTON Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/08/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937997 | CMS |
| PACE C ROTHERY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $20.50 | 12/08/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938663 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $130.67 | 12/07/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937949 | CMS |
| PACE C ROTHERY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $467.56 | 12/07/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938661 | CMS |
| CHAITANYA S MALEMPATI Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/06/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937953 | CMS |
| CHAITANYA S MALEMPATI Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $155.98 | 12/06/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937955 | CMS |
| PACE C ROTHERY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $24.08 | 12/06/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938659 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $20.04 | 12/05/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937945 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $103.53 | 12/05/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937947 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $51.68 | 12/04/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937941 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $88.50 | 12/04/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937943 | CMS |
| VICTOR JOSE ANCIANO GRANADILLO Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $1,200.00 | 12/03/2021 | Education | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937147 | CMS |
| VICTOR JOSE ANCIANO GRANADILLO Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $17.46 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937149 | CMS |
| WILLIAM F BEAUCHAMP Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $61.75 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937169 | CMS |
| WILLIAM F BEAUCHAMP Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $208.08 | 12/03/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937171 | CMS |
| KENNETH A GRINSPUN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $264.12 | 12/03/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937623 | CMS |
| KENNETH A GRINSPUN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $95.61 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937625 | CMS |
| KENNETH A GRINSPUN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $167.98 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937627 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $370.76 | 12/03/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937933 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $392.00 | 12/03/2021 | Travel and Lodging | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937935 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $95.61 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937937 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $167.98 | 12/03/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937939 | CMS |
| MICHAEL MACKAY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $71.64 | 12/02/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937931 | CMS |
| CHRISTOPHER D LOTUFO Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $33.33 | 12/01/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937927 | CMS |
| BRETT S SANDERS Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $33.33 | 12/01/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938231 | CMS |
| PACE C ROTHERY Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $33.33 | 12/01/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938657 | CMS |
| JEANIE M DOAN Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $36.21 | 11/29/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800938595 | CMS |
| RICHARD GIBSON Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $13.43 | 11/24/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937599 | CMS |
| COLLIN BILLS Physician / non-physician practitioner | Alpha Orthopedic Systems | $26.58 | 11/23/2021 | Food and Beverage | No dispute reported | Delay: No Change: UNCHANGED | 06/30/2026 | 800937199 | CMS |
Practitioner overview · all loaded program years
926 providers listed 3,996 records General Payments
General Payments to practitioners — all loaded program years
- Category: General Payments
- Program years: 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
- Record count: 3,996
- Providers listed: 926
Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.
Figures reflect General Payments this manufacturer or GPO reported to CMS. Research and Ownership/Investment payments are separate datasets and are not included here.
Coverage: program years 2019–2025, General Payments only, reported to physicians and non-physician practitioners. Payments to teaching hospitals are not included in these practitioner figures. Each figure is labeled with its category and program year; categories are never combined.
Practitioner payments by program year
| Program year | Reported | Records | Providers | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PY2019 | $210,950.50 | 523 | 240 | This company in PY2019 → |
| PY2020 | $185,301.36 | 574 | 240 | This company in PY2020 → |
| PY2021 | $244,700.00 | 785 | 283 | This company in PY2021 → |
| PY2022 | $282,319.84 | 1,159 | 387 | This company in PY2022 → |
| PY2023 | $56,622.18 | 621 | 287 | This company in PY2023 → |
| PY2024 | $28,415.21 | 334 | 179 | This company in PY2024 → |
By recipient specialty (55)
Sorted by name; identical names by identifier.
Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians 39 specialties 627 providers
- Anesthesiology 16
- Anesthesiology · Critical Care Medicine 1
- Colon & Rectal Surgery 1
- Dermatology 6
- Emergency Medicine 2
- Family Medicine 4
- Family Medicine · Sports Medicine 15
- General Practice 3
- Internal Medicine 1
- Internal Medicine · Cardiovascular Disease 1
- Internal Medicine · Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism 1
- Internal Medicine · Gastroenterology 1
- Internal Medicine · Rheumatology 1
- Internal Medicine · Sports Medicine 1
- Obstetrics & Gynecology 9
- Orthopaedic Surgery 279
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery 16
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Foot and Ankle Surgery 22
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Hand Surgery 62
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Orthopaedic Surgery of the Spine 10
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Orthopaedic Trauma 8
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery 9
- Orthopaedic Surgery · Sports Medicine 65
- Pathology · Anatomic Pathology & Clinical Pathology 1
- Pediatrics 5
- Pediatrics · Pediatric Emergency Medicine 1
- Pediatrics · Sports Medicine 1
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 5
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · Pain Medicine 2
- Plastic Surgery 6
- Plastic Surgery · Surgery of the Hand 6
- Psychiatry & Neurology · Neurology with Special Qualifications in Child Neurology 1
- Psychiatry & Neurology · Psychiatry 1
- Radiology · Diagnostic Radiology 2
- Surgery 21
- Surgery · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 13
- Surgery · Surgery of the Hand 19
- Surgery · Vascular Surgery 1
- Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) 8
Dental Providers 1 specialty 1 providers
Nursing Service Providers 1 specialty 1 providers
Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers 11 specialties 127 providers
- Nurse Anesthetist, Certified Registered 31
- Nurse Practitioner 9
- Nurse Practitioner · Acute Care 3
- Nurse Practitioner · Adult Health 2
- Nurse Practitioner · Family 14
- Nurse Practitioner · Gerontology 1
- Nurse Practitioner · Primary Care 1
- Nurse Practitioner · Psychiatric/Mental Health 1
- Physician Assistant 50
- Physician Assistant · Medical 2
- Physician Assistant · Surgical 13
Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers 3 specialties 145 providers
Providers listed (926)
Sorted by name; identical names by identifier.
| Provider | Specialty | State | Records reported by this company |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAREN LASHEA HOLMES | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Practitioner | TN | 1 |
| AARON D ROBERTS | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | TN | 8 |
| AARON ROBERTS | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Family Medicine|Sports Medicine | AZ | 1 |
| AARON SOLOMON | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist | GA | 18 |
| ABEL HERRERA | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | KY | 3 |
| ABIGAIL ELAINE LEY | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Psychiatry & Neurology|Neurology with Special Qualifications in Child Neurology | FL | 2 |
| ABIGAIL RANDALL | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Practitioner|Psychiatric/Mental Health | TN | 1 |
| ADAM B HICKS | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist | TN | 9 |
| ADAM COCHRAN | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | TN | 6 |
| ADAM HENDERSON | — | KY | 1 |
| ADAM JONATHAN GREENE | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Physician Assistant | KY | 1 |
| ADAM MILLER | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | FL | 8 |
| ADAM P MAZZONI | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Anesthetist, Certified Registered | TN | 1 |
| ADAM SHORT | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | TN | 56 |
| ADELBERT J MENCIAS | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | IN | 1 |
| AHAD ATTIAH | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Plastic Surgery|Surgery of the Hand | KY | 1 |
| AHMAD KHAN | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) | DE | 1 |
| AHMED AL HARBI | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Surgery|Surgery of the Hand | KY | 1 |
| AHMED AL WAHAIBI | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | KY | 1 |
| AHMED HANY MOHAMED TAWFIK ELHESSY | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | TX | 4 |
| AHMET SERHAT AYDIN | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | KY | 3 |
| AKBAR NAWAB | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | KY | 1 |
| ALBARAA ALJERIAN | — | KY | 3 |
| ALDEN SIMMONS | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist | TX | 9 |
| ALEKSANDR S VINOGRADOV | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist|Foot & Ankle Surgery | TN | 1 |
| ALETHA BRACKETT | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Practitioner|Family | KY | 1 |
| ALEX CHRISTOPHER JOUFLAS | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | CA | 3 |
| ALEXANDER BROWN | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Sports Medicine | TN | 6 |
| ALEXANDER SCHULTZ | — | KY | 7 |
| ALEXANDRA ROSE MUDD | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Physician Assistant | TN | 1 |
| ALEXIA LOUISE BODAMER | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist|Foot & Ankle Surgery | KY | 2 |
| ALISON L CABRERA | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Sports Medicine | TN | 1 |
| ALISON MIMS | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Anesthetist, Certified Registered | GA | 1 |
| ALLEN SIRIZI | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Anesthesiology | KY | 1 |
| ALTON L HUNTER | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | TN | 3 |
| AMANDA M DAFFER | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Practitioner|Adult Health | KY | 1 |
| AMANDA MARTIN | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | TN | 9 |
| AMANDA R ALLISON | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Nurse Practitioner | KY | 1 |
| AMITAVA GUPTA | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | KY | 3 |
| AMY E VERTREES | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Surgery | TN | 1 |
| AMY K JEAN | Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers|Physician Assistant | TN | 2 |
| ANDREA L WOOLFOLK | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Pediatrics | KY | 2 |
| ANDREW BOUWKAMP | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist | KY | 5 |
| ANDREW CARLONE | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery | TN | 2 |
| ANDREW J LAMAY | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist|Foot & Ankle Surgery | TN | 2 |
| ANDREW JOHN LOPEZ | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | KY | 1 |
| ANDREW JONATHAN PIERRE | Podiatric Medicine & Surgery Service Providers|Podiatrist|Foot & Ankle Surgery | TN | 2 |
| ANDREW L DEGRUCCIO | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery | KY | 2 |
| ANDREW M HOLT | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Sports Medicine | TN | 3 |
| ANDREW P HARRIS | Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Orthopaedic Surgery|Hand Surgery | TN | 12 |