Official source Data mirrored from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments · General Payments · as published 2026-01-23 View official record Methodology

Covered recipient · General Payments record

DARLENE MARIE MADORE

Physician Assistants & Advanced Practice Nursing Providers Nurse Practitioner

NPI
1487018735
CMS profile
10642889
Location
RAYNHAM, MA

General Payments · PY2021–2024

$33,860.34

  • Reported across 613 records
  • CMS publication 2026-01-23

Latest program year · PY2024

$5,910.90

165 records · 0 disputed

Financial relationships do not necessarily indicate an improper relationship; the data is open to interpretation.

How these totals are calculated
  • The total is the sum of the General Payments records CMS published for the labeled program year(s), exactly as published. Nothing is estimated, weighted, or combined across categories.
  • General Payments only. Research and Ownership/Investment are separate datasets and are never summed with these figures; amounts are kept separate per program year.
  • Featured-page threshold (a presentation gate, not a judgment): records>=3 OR total>=100 (all years).
  • Methodology & Data — sourcing, labeling, and limitations.

By nature of payment

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

By paying entity

PY2024 · sorted by reported total

By program year

All program years on this page · sorted by year

Program yearAmountRecords
PY2021 $5,595.07 67
PY2022 $6,647.59 175
PY2023 $15,706.78 206
PY2024 $5,910.90 165

Payment records · PY2024 (165)

Sorted by paying entity, then date · as published by CMS

Program year 2024 202120222023 Record-level detail is published for PY2024; earlier years are summarised in “By program year”.
Paying entity Amount Date Nature of payment Dispute status Published Record ID Source
ADMA BioManufacturing LLC $18.97 01/10/2024 Consulting Fee Undisputed 01/23/2026 1149638968 CMS
Amgen Inc. $26.45 03/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1115890939 CMS
Amgen Inc. $20.20 05/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1115890944 CMS
Amgen Inc. $14.13 08/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1115890952 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $19.79 01/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104717815 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $400.50 01/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105370664 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $18.05 01/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105470271 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $17.51 02/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104287616 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.10 02/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104414517 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $17.65 02/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104598134 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $25.30 02/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105634450 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.87 02/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104776082 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $17.68 03/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104475204 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $18.40 03/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104211545 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.57 03/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105738115 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.90 04/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105788980 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $13.28 04/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105573719 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $17.52 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105263218 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $15.84 04/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105385231 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $19.46 05/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104505174 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.93 05/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105315475 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $22.46 06/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104473332 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $30.19 06/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105575338 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $28.67 07/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104347648 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $16.27 08/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105854402 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $21.05 09/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105484873 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $13.09 09/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104564804 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.02 09/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105520471 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.11 10/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104634239 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $16.46 10/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105314179 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.26 10/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105651794 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $15.33 10/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104663239 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $19.12 10/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104607668 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $32.35 10/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104384387 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $25.42 10/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104683733 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $22.57 10/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104587246 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $18.78 11/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104697172 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.27 11/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105795932 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $24.40 11/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1105616695 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $17.74 11/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104214371 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.99 12/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104318220 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $31.61 12/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104507620 CMS
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP $14.91 12/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1104424879 CMS
BioCryst US Sales Co., LLC $26.48 05/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1117478546 CMS
BioCryst US Sales Co., LLC $33.56 06/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1117472454 CMS
BioCryst US Sales Co., LLC $29.98 08/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1117474030 CMS
CSL Behring $17.95 01/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643273 CMS
CSL Behring $560.00 01/18/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643419 CMS
CSL Behring $6.71 01/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643275 CMS
CSL Behring $20.46 02/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643277 CMS
CSL Behring $5.15 02/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643283 CMS
CSL Behring $26.33 03/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643285 CMS
CSL Behring $18.81 04/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643291 CMS
CSL Behring $560.00 04/11/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643423 CMS
CSL Behring $22.44 07/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643401 CMS
CSL Behring $16.48 08/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643403 CMS
CSL Behring $560.00 08/08/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643425 CMS
CSL Behring $20.05 09/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643407 CMS
CSL Behring $23.07 09/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643409 CMS
CSL Behring $19.42 10/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643411 CMS
CSL Behring $7.10 10/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643415 CMS
CSL Behring $27.18 10/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643417 CMS
CSL Behring $560.00 10/24/2024 Compensation for services other than consulting, including serving as faculty or as a speaker at a venue other than a continuing education program Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643427 CMS
CSL Behring $22.73 11/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643433 CMS
CSL Behring $22.34 12/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643435 CMS
CSL Behring $17.48 12/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1134643437 CMS
Cycle Pharmaceuticals Inc $35.30 09/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1154919606 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $3.97 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154098 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $10.88 01/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154103 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $1.85 02/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154107 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $12.38 02/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154111 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $102.99 03/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154115 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $11.69 04/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154119 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $10.47 05/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154123 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $8.90 06/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154127 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $8.13 07/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154131 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $15.47 08/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154139 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $8.71 08/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154143 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $19.42 08/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154135 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $10.63 10/31/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154147 CMS
Genentech USA, Inc. $12.88 11/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1133154151 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $20.94 02/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721162 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $32.12 07/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721202 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $24.31 08/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721262 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $14.69 09/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721232 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $16.82 10/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721240 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $14.23 12/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721254 CMS
GENZYME CORPORATION $22.85 12/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1139721264 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $29.36 05/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116126458 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $19.78 08/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116474461 CMS
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. $22.05 09/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1116688105 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $11.72 01/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721617 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $13.36 04/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721621 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $25.02 04/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721609 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $11.58 05/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721619 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $22.59 05/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721611 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $25.76 08/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721613 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $24.54 09/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721615 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $18.71 10/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721607 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $25.47 11/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721605 CMS
Grifols USA, LLC $17.36 11/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1124721603 CMS
Kedrion Biopharma, Inc. $91.31 02/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125860645 CMS
Kedrion Biopharma, Inc. $104.24 11/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1125860651 CMS
Lilly USA, LLC $18.22 10/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1135632632 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $23.83 01/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968438 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $28.01 02/27/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968440 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $26.52 04/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968444 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $2.12 04/02/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968446 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $22.82 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968452 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $10.98 04/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968454 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $28.90 05/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968450 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $18.24 06/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968458 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $15.36 06/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968462 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $15.43 07/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968464 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $1.24 07/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968466 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $6.21 07/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968468 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $27.73 09/17/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968474 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $24.95 09/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968476 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $26.10 10/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968478 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $26.31 11/12/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968482 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $21.30 11/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968486 CMS
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation $18.70 11/26/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1086968484 CMS
PFIZER INC. $25.90 01/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1130948872 CMS
PFIZER INC. $15.26 04/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131369116 CMS
PFIZER INC. $12.13 05/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1130910384 CMS
PFIZER INC. $24.13 05/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131479575 CMS
PFIZER INC. $31.65 06/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131644723 CMS
PFIZER INC. $10.46 06/20/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1130917844 CMS
PFIZER INC. $27.54 11/25/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1131160947 CMS
Pharming Healthcare, Inc. $27.17 02/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1132178836 CMS
Pharming Healthcare, Inc. $25.10 05/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1132178846 CMS
Pharming Healthcare, Inc. $26.43 12/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1132178853 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $14.73 01/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335919 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $8.09 01/24/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335921 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $6.03 02/01/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335923 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $29.71 02/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335925 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $6.16 03/06/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335927 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $28.09 04/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335929 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $15.74 05/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335931 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $7.56 05/09/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335933 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $22.35 05/23/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335935 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $23.12 06/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335937 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $14.68 06/11/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335939 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $15.65 06/19/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335941 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $18.53 07/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335943 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $18.00 08/15/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335945 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $6.54 08/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335947 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $8.29 10/03/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335949 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $24.09 10/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335951 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $20.91 11/13/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335953 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $29.79 12/05/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335955 CMS
Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. $9.03 12/18/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1114335957 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $12.69 02/21/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785352 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $32.42 02/28/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785354 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $3.75 02/29/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785356 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $16.53 03/08/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785358 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $25.36 04/10/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785360 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $14.62 04/30/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785362 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $26.70 05/16/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785364 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $23.94 08/14/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785366 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $21.19 08/22/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785368 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $20.88 10/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785370 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $12.47 11/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785372 CMS
Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. $1.12 11/07/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1137785374 CMS
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc. $31.03 11/04/2024 Food and Beverage Undisputed 01/23/2026 1147391114 CMS

Source & provenance

Dataset
CMS Open Payments — General Payments
Publisher of source data
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CMS publication date
2026-01-23
Program years on this page
2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
Source files
Dataset page · Bulk file · PY2021 , PY2022 , PY2023 , PY2024
Generated from
OP_DTL_GNRL_PGYR2024_P01232026_01102026.csv

One page per canonical provider; split Profile_IDs are merged via Associated_Covered_Recipient_Profile_ID_1/_2 from the Covered Recipient Profile Supplement.

Corrections to the substance of a record route to CMS through its review-and-dispute process; errors in how this site mirrors or displays a record route to us. Both paths are described in Methodology & Data.